Article pour les cliniciens
Les résultats des accidents vasculaires cérébraux dans l’essai COMPASS.
PMID: 30667279
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Médecine interne (voir sous-spécialités ci-dessous)Relevance - 6/7
Intérêt médiatique - 7/7 -
- CardiologieRelevance - 6/7
Intérêt médiatique - 6/7 -
Médecine familiale (MF)/Médecine générale (MG)Relevance - 6/7
Intérêt médiatique - 6/7 -
Médecine interne générale - Soins primairesRelevance - 6/7
Intérêt médiatique - 6/7 -
- Hémostase et thromboseRelevance - 6/7
Intérêt médiatique - 5/7
Résumé (en anglais)
BACKGROUND: Strokes were significantly reduced by the combination of rivaroxaban plus aspirin in comparison with aspirin in the COMPASS trial (Cardiovascular Outcomes for People Using Anticoagulation Strategies). We present detailed analyses of stroke by type, predictors, and antithrombotic effects in key subgroups.
METHODS: Participants had stable coronary artery or peripheral artery disease and were randomly assigned to receive aspirin 100 mg once daily (n=9126), rivaroxaban 5 mg twice daily (n=9117), or rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily plus aspirin (n=9152). Patients who required anticoagulation or had a stroke within 1 month, previous lacunar stroke, or intracerebral hemorrhage were excluded.
RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 23 months, fewer patients had strokes in the rivaroxaban plus aspirin group than in the aspirin group (83 [0.9% per year] versus 142 [1.6% per year]; hazard ratio [HR], 0.58; 95% CI, 0.44-0.76; P<0.0001). Ischemic/uncertain strokes were reduced by nearly half (68 [0.7% per year] versus 132 [1.4% per year]; HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.38-0.68; P<0.0001) by the combination in comparison with aspirin. No significant difference was noted in the occurrence of stroke in the rivaroxaban alone group in comparison with aspirin: annualized rate of 0.7% (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.65-1.05). The occurrence of fatal and disabling stroke (modified Rankin Scale, 3-6) was decreased by the combination (32 [0.3% per year] versus 55 [0.6% per year]; HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.37-0.89; P=0.01). Independent predictors of stroke were prior stroke, hypertension, systolic blood pressure at baseline, age, diabetes mellitus, and Asian ethnicity. Prior stroke was the strongest predictor of incident stroke (HR, 3.63; 95% CI, 2.65-4.97; P<0.0001) and was associated with a 3.4% per year rate of stroke recurrence on aspirin. The effect of the combination in comparison with aspirin was consistent across subgroups with high stroke risk, including those with prior stroke.
CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose rivaroxaban plus aspirin is an important new antithrombotic option for primary and secondary stroke prevention in patients with clinical atherosclerosis.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT01776424.
Commentaires cliniques (en anglais)
Cardiology
These results underlined once again the importance of the COMPASS trial. Surely other data are still needed about the increased risk of bleeding, notwithstanding the impact on the clinical management seems to be impressive.
Cardiology
This is a game-changer - just like for stable angina.
Family Medicine (FM)/General Practice (GP)
In my opinion, the article is too much focused on the reduction of ischaemic stroke with rivaroxaban+aspirin as compared to aspirin, while major bleeding, including haemorragic stroke and intracerebral bleeds is much higher and as large as the benefit. I therefore think this RCT should not result in changing treatment from aspirin to aspirin+half-dosed rivaroxaban in stable CVD.
Hemostasis and Thrombosis
This paper highlights that high risk groups within COMPASS likely to benefit from aspirin + rivaroxaban combination. It does not however reference the previously reported increase in major bleeding which is also relevant to clinical decision making, nor evaluates the risk of major bleeding (beyond intracranial bleeds) in these groups.
Internal Medicine
This is practice changing data. It's a MUST KNOW for internists. I will start patients on rivoraxaban + ASA if there is no contraindication.
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